diff --git a/luamml.dtx b/luamml.dtx
index 5cc917d..268b6a7 100644
--- a/luamml.dtx
+++ b/luamml.dtx
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
 %   is also saved in the \texttt{start\_math} node as with
 %   \cs{luamml_flag_save:}.
 %    \begin{macrocode}
-\cs_new:Npn \luamml_flag_process: {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \luamml_flag_process: {
   \int_set:Nn \l__luamml_flag_int { 3 }
 }
 %    \end{macrocode}
@@ -117,17 +117,17 @@
 %   If the root element name is \texttt{mrow}, it will get suppressed in some
 %   cases.
 %    \begin{macrocode}
-\cs_new:Npn \luamml_flag_save: {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \luamml_flag_save: {
   \int_set:Nn \l__luamml_flag_int { 1 }
 }
-\cs_new:Npn \luamml_flag_save:N #1 {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \luamml_flag_save:N #1 {
   \int_set:Nn \l__luamml_flag_int { 17 + 32 * #1 }
 }
-\cs_new:Npn \luamml_flag_save:n {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \luamml_flag_save:n {
   \int_set:Nn \l__luamml_flag_int { 5 }
   \tl_set:Nn \l__luamml_root_tl
 }
-\cs_new:Npn \luamml_flag_save:Nn #1 {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \luamml_flag_save:Nn #1 {
   \int_set:Nn \l__luamml_flag_int { 21 + 32 * #1 }
   \tl_set:Nn \l__luamml_root_tl
 }
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
 % \begin{macro}{\luamml_flag_ignore:}
 %   Completely ignore the math mode material.
 %    \begin{macrocode}
-\cs_new:Npn \luamml_flag_ignore: {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \luamml_flag_ignore: {
   \int_set:Nn \l__luamml_flag_int { 0 }
 }
 %    \end{macrocode}
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
 %   elements. This only works if \pkg{tagpdf} has been loaded \emph{before}
 %   \texttt{luamml}.
 %    \begin{macrocode}
-\cs_new:Npn \luamml_flag_structelem: {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \luamml_flag_structelem: {
   \int_set:Nn \l__luamml_flag_int { 11 }
 }
 %    \end{macrocode}
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
 %   Only complete formulas get written into files (so formulas where
 %   \cs{luamml_flag_process:} or \cs{luamml_flag_structelem:} are in effect).
 %    \begin{macrocode}
-\cs_new:Npn \luamml_set_filename:n {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \luamml_set_filename:n {
   \tl_set:Nn \l__luamml_filename_tl
 }
 %    \end{macrocode}
@@ -211,12 +211,12 @@
 % an application of the first one to load packages following \texttt{luamml}'s
 % naming scheme for these patch packages.
 %    \begin{macrocode}
-\cs_new:Npn \__luamml_patch_package:nn #1 #2 {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \__luamml_patch_package:nn #1 #2 {
   \@ifpackageloaded {#1} {#2} {
     \hook_gput_code:nnn {package/after/#1} {luamml} {#2}
   }
 }
-\cs_new:Npn \__luamml_patch_package:n #1 {
+\cs_new_protected:Npn \__luamml_patch_package:n #1 {
   \__luamml_patch_package:nn {#1} {
     \RequirePackage { luamml-patches-#1 }
   }