diff --git a/luametalatex-back-pdf.lua b/luametalatex-back-pdf.lua
index bb2eba4..d3b6cb6 100644
--- a/luametalatex-back-pdf.lua
+++ b/luametalatex-back-pdf.lua
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ local function get_pfile()
   end
   return pfile
 end
+pdf.__get_pfile = get_pfile
 local outline
 local function get_outline()
   if not outline then
@@ -646,3 +647,4 @@ token.luacmd("pdfextension", function(_, imm)
     error(string.format("Unknown PDF extension %s", token.scan_word()))
   end
 end, "protected")
+img = require'luametalatex-pdf-image'
diff --git a/luametalatex-pdf-image.lua b/luametalatex-pdf-image.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..af4d99c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/luametalatex-pdf-image.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+local rawset = rawset
+
+local reserve
+
+local box_fallback = {
+  BleedBox = "CropBox",
+  TrimBox  = "CropBox",
+  ArtBox   = "CropBox",
+  CropBox  = "MediaBox",
+}
+  
+local boxmap = {
+  media = "MediaBox",
+  crop  = "CropBox",
+  bleed = "BleedBox",
+  trim  = "TrimBox",
+  art   = "ArtBox",
+}
+
+-- FIXME:
+local function to_sp(bp) return bp*65536//1 end
+local function to_bp(sp) return sp/65536 end
+
+local function get_box(page, box)
+  box = boxmap[box]
+  while box do
+    local found = pdfe.getbox(page, box)
+    if found then
+      return {to_sp(found[1]), to_sp(found[2]), to_sp(found[3]), to_sp(found[4])}
+    end
+    box = box_fallback[box]
+  end
+end
+
+local function open_pdfe(img)
+  local file = pdfe.open(img.filepath)
+  do
+    local userpassword = img.userpassword
+    local ownerpassword = img.ownerpassword
+    if userpassword or ownerpassword then
+      pdfe.unencrypt(file, userpassword, ownerpassword)
+    end
+  end
+  local status = pdfe.getstatus(file)
+  if status >= 0 then
+    return file
+  elseif status == -1 then
+    error[[PDF image is encrypted. Please provide the decryption key.]]
+  elseif status == -2 then
+    error[[PDF image could not be opened.]]
+  else
+    assert(false)
+  end
+end
+local function scan_pdf(img)
+  local file = open_pdfe(img)
+  img.imagetype = 'pdf'
+  img.pages = pdfe.getnofpages(file)
+  img.page = img.page or 1
+  if img.page > img.pages then
+    error[[Not enough pages in PDF image]]
+  end
+  local page = pdfe.getpage(file, img.page)
+  local bbox = img.bbox or get_box(page, img.pagebox or 'crop') or {0, 0, 0, 0}
+  img.bbox = bbox
+  img.rotation = (page.Rotation or 0) % 360
+  if img.rotation < 0 then img.rotation = img.rotation + 360 end
+  if img.rotation % 2 == 0 then
+    img.xsize = bbox[3] - bbox[1]
+    img.ysize = bbox[4] - bbox[2]
+  else
+    img.xsize = bbox[4] - bbox[2]
+    img.ysize = bbox[3] - bbox[1]
+  end
+  img.transform = img.transform or 0
+end
+
+local pdfe_deepcopy = require'luametalatex-pdfe-deepcopy'
+local function write_pdf(img, pfile)
+  local file = open_pdfe(img)
+  local page = pdfe.getpage(file, img.page)
+  local bbox = img.bbox
+  local dict = string.format("/Subtype/Form/BBox[%f %f %f %f]/Resources %s", bbox[1], bbox[2], bbox[3], bbox[4], pdfe_deepcopy(file, img.filepath, pfile, pdfe.getfromdictionary(page, 'Resources')))
+  local content, raw = page.Contents
+  -- Three cases: Contents is a stream, so copy the stream (Remember to copy filter if necessary)
+  --              Contents is an array of streams, so append all the streams as a new stream
+  --              Contents is missing. Then create an empty stream.
+  local type = pdfe.type(content)
+  if type == 'pdfe.stream' then
+    raw = true
+    for i=1,#content do
+      local key, type, value, detail = pdfe.getfromstream(content, i)
+      dict = dict .. pdfe_deepcopy(file, img.filepath, pfile, 5, key) .. ' ' .. pdfe_deepcopy(file, img.filepath, pfile, type, value, detail)
+    end
+    content = content(false)
+  elseif type == 'pdfe.array' then
+    local array = content
+    content = ''
+    for i=1,#array do
+      content = content .. array[i](true)
+    end
+  else
+    content = ''
+  end
+  pfile:stream(img.objnum, dict, content, nil, raw)
+end
+
+local liberal_keys = {height = true, width = true, depth = true, transform = true}
+local real_images = {}
+local function relaxed_newindex(t, k, v)
+  if liberal_keys[k] then
+    return rawset(t, k, v)
+  else
+    real_images[t][k] = v
+  end
+end
+local function no_newindex(t, k, v)
+  if liberal_keys[k] then
+    return rawset(t, k, v)
+  else
+    error(string.format("You are not allowed to set %q in an already scanned image"))
+  end
+end
+local function get_underlying(t, k)
+  return assert(real_images[t])[k]
+end
+local meta = {__index = get_underlying, __newindex = relaxed_newindex}
+local restricted_meta = {__index = get_underlying, __newindex = no_newindex}
+-- transform isn't documented to be changable but it kind of fits
+local function new(spec)
+  local img, real = {}, {}
+  real_images[img] = real
+  if spec then for k,v in next, spec do
+    (liberal_keys[k] and img or real)[k] = v
+  end end
+  img.depth = img.depth or 0
+  return setmetatable(img, meta)
+end
+local function scan(img)
+  local m = getmetatable(img)
+  local real
+  if m == restricted_meta then
+    real = real_images[img]
+  else
+    if m ~= meta then img = new(img) end
+    real = real_images[img]
+    if real.stream then error[[stream images are not yet supported]] end
+    assert(real.filename)
+    if not real.filename:match'%.pdf$' then error[[Currently only PDF images are supported]] end
+    real.filepath = assert(kpse.find_file(real.filename), "Image not found")
+    scan_pdf(real)
+    setmetatable(img, restricted_meta)
+  end
+  -- (Re)Set dimensions
+  if img.depth and img.height and img.width then
+    return img
+  end
+  local flipped = img.transform % 2 == 1
+  if not (img.depth or img.height) then img.depth = 0 end
+  if not img.width and not (img.height and img.depth) then
+    local total_y
+    if flipped then
+      img.width = real.ysize
+      total_y = real.xsize
+    else
+      img.width = real.xsize
+      total_y = real.ysize
+    end
+    if img.height then
+      img.depth = total_y - img.height
+    else
+      img.height = total_y - img.depth
+    end
+  else
+    local ratio = flipped and real.xsize / real.ysize or real.ysize / real.xsize
+    if img.width then
+      if img.depth then
+        img.height = (ratio * img.width - img.depth) // 1
+      else
+        img.depth = (ratio * img.width - img.height) // 1
+      end
+    else
+      img.width = ((img.height + img.depth) / ratio) // 1
+    end
+  end
+  return img
+end
+
+-- Noop if already reserved
+function reserve(img, pfile)
+  local real = assert(real_images[img])
+  local obj = real.objnum or pfile:getobj()
+  real.objnum = obj
+  return img, obj
+end
+
+local function write_img(pfile, img)
+  local _, objnum = reserve(img, pfile)
+  local real = real_images[img]
+  if not real.written then
+    real.written = true
+    write_pdf(real, pfile)
+  end
+end
+local function do_img(prop, p, n, x, y, outer)
+  local img = prop.img
+  img.height, img.depth, img.width = prop.height, prop.depth, prop.width
+  scan(img)
+  write_img(p.file, img)
+  local real = real_images[img]
+  local total_height = img.height + img.depth
+  local bbox = real.bbox
+  x, y = to_bp(x - bbox[1]), to_bp(y - img.depth + bbox[2])
+  p.resources.XObject['Im' .. tostring(real.objnum)] = real.objnum
+  pdf.write('page', string.format('q 1 0 0 1 %f %f cm /Im%i Do Q', x, y, real.objnum), nil, nil, p)
+end
+local function node(img, pfile)
+  pfile = pfile or pdf.__get_pfile()
+  local n = _ENV.node.new('whatsit', 42) -- image
+  _ENV.node.setproperty(n, {
+    handle = do_img,
+    img = img,
+  })
+  return n
+end
+
+--[[
+local function write(img, immediate, pfile)
+  pfile = pfile or pdf.__get_pfile()
+  local _, objnum = reserve(img, pfile)
+  local real = real_images[img]
+end
+]]
+
+return {
+  new = new,
+  scan = scan,
+  write = write,
+  node = node,
+}
diff --git a/luametalatex-pdf.lua b/luametalatex-pdf.lua
index 0d0e88c..281f963 100644
--- a/luametalatex-pdf.lua
+++ b/luametalatex-pdf.lua
@@ -31,13 +31,13 @@ local function stream(pdf, num, dict, content, isfile, raw)
   pdf.file:write'\nendstream\nendobj\n'
   return num
 end
-local function delayedstream(pdf, num, dict, content, isfile)
+local function delayedstream(pdf, num, dict, content, isfile, raw)
   if not num then num = pdf:getobj() end
   if pdf[num] ~= assigned then
     error[[Invalid object]]
   end
   pdf[num] = delayed
-  pdf[-num] = {stream, dict, content, isfile}
+  pdf[-num] = {stream, dict, content, isfile, raw}
   return num
 end
 local function indirect(pdf, num, content, isfile)
diff --git a/luametalatex-pdfe-deepcopy.lua b/luametalatex-pdfe-deepcopy.lua
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e32ee7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/luametalatex-pdfe-deepcopy.lua
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+local format = string.format
+local pdfe = pdfe
+local l = lpeg
+local regularchar = 1-l.S'\0\t\n\r\f ()<>[]{}/%#'
+local escapednamechar = l.P(1)/function(s)
+  return format("#%02X")
+end
+local nameescape = l.Cs(l.Cc'/' * (regularchar + escapednamechar)^0)
+local deepcopy_lookup deepcopy_lookup = {
+  function(_, pdf) -- 1: null
+    return 'null'
+  end,
+  function(_, pdf, b) -- 2: boolean
+    return b == 1 and 'true' or 'false'
+  end,
+  function(_, pdf, i) -- 3: integer
+    return format("%d", i)
+  end,
+  function(_, pdf, f) -- 4: number
+    return format("%f", f)
+  end,
+  function(_, pdf, name) -- 5: name
+    return nameescape:match(name)
+  end,
+  function(_, pdf, string, hex) -- 6: string
+    return hex and format("<%s>", string) or format("(%s)", string)
+  end,
+  function(references, pdf, array, size) -- 7: array
+    local a = {}
+    for i=1,size do
+      local type, value, detail = pdfe.getfromarray(array, i)
+      a[i] = deepcopy_lookup[type](references, pdf, value, detail)
+    end
+    return '[' .. table.concat(a, ' ') .. ']'
+  end,
+  function(references, pdf, dict, size) -- 8: dict
+    local a = {}
+    for i=1,size do
+      local key, type, value, detail = pdfe.getfromdictionary(dict, i)
+      a[2*i-1] = nameescape:match(key)
+      a[2*i] = deepcopy_lookup[type](references, pdf, value, detail)
+    end
+    return '<<' .. table.concat(a, ' ') .. '>>'
+  end,
+  nil, -- 9: stream (can only appear as a reference
+  function(references, pdf, ref, num)
+    local new = references[-num]
+    if not new then
+      new = pdf:getobj()
+      references[-num] = new
+      references[#references+1] = {ref, num}
+    end
+    return format("%i 0 R", new)
+  end,
+}
+
+local references = setmetatable({}, {__index = function(t, n)
+  local v = {}
+  t[n] = v
+  return v
+end})
+
+return function(file, id, pdf, type, value, detail)
+  local references = references[id]
+  local res = deepcopy_lookup[type](references, pdf, value, detail)
+  local i, r = 1, references[1]
+  while r do
+    local type, value, detail, more = pdfe.getfromreference(r[1])
+    if type == 9 then
+      local a,j = {}, 0
+      for i=1,more do
+        local key, type, value, detail = pdfe.getfromdictionary(detail, i)
+        if key == 'Length' then
+          j=2
+        else
+          a[2*i-1-j] = nameescape:match(key)
+          a[2*i-j] = deepcopy_lookup[type](references, pdf, value, detail)
+        end
+      end
+      pdf:stream(references[-r[2]], table.concat(a, ' '), value(false), false, true)
+    else
+      pdf:indirect(references[-r[2]], deepcopy_lookup[type](references, pdf, value, detail))
+    end
+    i = i+1
+    r = references[i]
+  end
+  for i=1,#references do references[i] = nil end
+  return res
+end